German universities convert a Pakistani result with the modified Bavarian formula: German grade = 1 + 3 × (best result - your result) ÷ (best result - minimum pass). A CGPA of 3.20 out of 4.00, with 2.00 as the minimum for the degree, gives 1 + 3 × 0.80 ÷ 2.00 = 2.2, which is "gut" (good).
The answer depends heavily on the minimum pass you use. The same 3.20 becomes 1.8 if 1.00 is taken as the minimum and 2.6 if 2.50 is. uni-assist asks Pakistani applicants for the minimum CGPA or percentage needed for the degree to be awarded, so pick that figure above, not the pass mark for a single course.
How the Bavarian formula works
In Germany 1.0 is the best grade and 4.0 is the lowest pass.
- Nmax is the best result on your scale: 4.00 for a CGPA, 100 for a percentage.
- Nmin is the lowest result that still earns the degree.
- Nd is your own CGPA or percentage.
The standing conference of education ministers (KMK) set the method in its 1991 agreement, amended in 2013. Under that agreement the grade is taken to one decimal place and not rounded. So 2.2537 becomes 2.2, not 2.3. Some German examination regulations, such as Heidelberg University's, cut their own grades the same way. The calculator shows the cut grade, the exact value and, where it differs, the rounded figure.
Which minimum pass to use for a Pakistani degree
uni-assist's country notes for Pakistan ask for "the minimum CGPA or percentage grade required for a bachelor degree to be awarded at your university". They add that the minimum for passing one course or one semester is not enough. This matters, because Pakistani universities pass a course at a D (1.00) but need a higher CGPA to award the degree.
| Your degree | Minimum to use (Nmin) | Basis |
|---|---|---|
| BS, BE, BSc (Hons) on CGPA out of 4.00 | 2.00 | HEC examination policy, minimum CGPA for undergraduate degrees |
| MS or MPhil on CGPA out of 4.00 | 2.50 | HEC examination policy, minimum CGPA for MS/MPhil |
| BS programme with a higher university rule | 2.50 | For example NUST's rules set 2.50 for BBA and some social science BS degrees |
| Annual-system BA, BSc, MA, MSc in marks | Your university's pass percentage | Printed in the examination rules or on the transcript |
| Matric or intermediate certificate | 33% (old scheme) or 40% (IBCC scheme from 2026) | IBCC grading policy |
If your transcript states the minimum CGPA for the degree, use that figure. Ask your university's examination branch for a letter if it is not printed anywhere, because uni-assist wants it as a document.
CGPA to German grade table
German grades for common CGPAs out of 4.00, cut to one decimal place, at the three minimums used in Pakistan.
| CGPA out of 4.00 | Minimum 1.00 | Minimum 2.00 | Minimum 2.50 |
|---|---|---|---|
| 4.00 | 1.0 | 1.0 | 1.0 |
| 3.90 | 1.1 | 1.1 | 1.2 |
| 3.80 | 1.2 | 1.3 | 1.4 |
| 3.70 | 1.3 | 1.4 | 1.6 |
| 3.60 | 1.4 | 1.6 | 1.8 |
| 3.50 | 1.5 | 1.7 | 2.0 |
| 3.40 | 1.6 | 1.9 | 2.2 |
| 3.30 | 1.7 | 2.0 | 2.4 |
| 3.20 | 1.8 | 2.2 | 2.6 |
| 3.10 | 1.9 | 2.3 | 2.8 |
| 3.00 | 2.0 | 2.5 | 3.0 |
| 2.90 | 2.1 | 2.6 | 3.2 |
| 2.80 | 2.2 | 2.8 | 3.4 |
| 2.70 | 2.3 | 2.9 | 3.6 |
| 2.60 | 2.4 | 3.1 | 3.8 |
| 2.50 | 2.5 | 3.2 | 4.0 |
| 2.40 | 2.6 | 3.4 | below pass |
| 2.30 | 2.7 | 3.5 | below pass |
| 2.20 | 2.8 | 3.7 | below pass |
| 2.10 | 2.9 | 3.8 | below pass |
| 2.00 | 3.0 | 4.0 | below pass |
A 3.00 CGPA is 2.5 with a 2.00 minimum but 3.0 with a 2.50 minimum. Where a master's programme sets a cut-off such as 2.5, that difference decides eligibility, so check which minimum your university states before you apply.
Percentage to German grade table
For annual-system degrees and board certificates marked in percentages.
| Percentage | Minimum 33% | Minimum 40% | Minimum 50% |
|---|---|---|---|
| 90% | 1.4 | 1.5 | 1.6 |
| 85% | 1.6 | 1.7 | 1.9 |
| 80% | 1.8 | 2.0 | 2.2 |
| 75% | 2.1 | 2.2 | 2.5 |
| 70% | 2.3 | 2.5 | 2.8 |
| 65% | 2.5 | 2.7 | 3.1 |
| 60% | 2.7 | 3.0 | 3.4 |
| 55% | 3.0 | 3.2 | 3.7 |
| 50% | 3.2 | 3.5 | 4.0 |
| 45% | 3.4 | 3.7 | below pass |
| 40% | 3.6 | 4.0 | below pass |
| 33% | 4.0 | below pass | below pass |
Worked examples
BS Computer Science, CGPA 3.40
The university awards the degree at CGPA 2.00.
- Best result minus your result: 4.00 - 3.40 = 0.60.
- Best result minus minimum: 4.00 - 2.00 = 2.00.
- 1 + 3 × 0.60 ÷ 2.00 = 1.90.
- German grade 1.9, gut.
If the same student's programme needed CGPA 2.50 for the degree, the grade would be 1 + 3 × 0.60 ÷ 1.50 = 2.2.
MSc (annual system), 65%
The university's pass mark is 40%.
- 100 - 65 = 35, and 100 - 40 = 60.
- 1 + 3 × 35 ÷ 60 = 2.75.
- Cut to one decimal: 2.7, befriedigend. A university that rounds would show 2.8.
German grade bands
| German grade | Band | Meaning |
|---|---|---|
| 1.0 to 1.5 | sehr gut | very good |
| 1.6 to 2.5 | gut | good |
| 2.6 to 3.5 | befriedigend | satisfactory |
| 3.6 to 4.0 | ausreichend | sufficient (pass) |
| worse than 4.0 | nicht ausreichend | fail |
These bands are taken from Heidelberg University's examination regulations, which follow the usual German scheme. Admission rules may set a cut-off such as 2.5 or 2.7 rather than a band.
What else German universities check
- 16 years of education for a master's. DAAD Pakistan lists MSc, MA, BE and BS (Hons) as meeting this. A two-year BA or BSc alone does not.
- Intermediate is not equal to the Abitur. With HSSC you need one year of university in Pakistan, or a Studienkolleg and its exam, before a bachelor's.
- Attested documents. uni-assist wants the degree and transcript with HEC attestation stamps, plus Matric and intermediate certificates with subjects and grades.
- The official figure is theirs. uni-assist's VPD states how it rates your grade in the German system, and universities that assess applications themselves apply their own rules. Rely on that grade once you have it.
To turn a CGPA into a Pakistani percentage first, use the CGPA to percentage calculator.
Questions people ask
What is 3.0 CGPA in the German grading system?
With 4.00 as the best result and 2.00 as the minimum for the degree, 3.0 CGPA converts to 1 + 3 × 1.00 ÷ 2.00 = 2.5, which is gut. If your university needs 2.50 for the degree, 3.0 becomes 3.0 (befriedigend). With a 1.00 minimum it would be 2.0, but uni-assist does not accept a course pass mark as the minimum.
Should I use 1.0 or 2.0 as the minimum passing CGPA?
Use the minimum CGPA your university needs to award the degree. Under HEC's examination policy that is 2.00 for a bachelor's and 2.50 for MS or MPhil. A D grade of 1.00 only passes a single course. uni-assist says clearly that the course or semester pass mark is not sufficient.
What CGPA do I need for a German grade of 2.5?
With a 2.00 minimum you need CGPA 3.00 for exactly 2.5. With a 2.50 minimum you need 3.25. The calculator shows this figure for whatever minimum you pick, under "CGPA that gives exactly 2.5".
How do I convert FSc or Matric marks to a German grade?
Choose Percentage, enter your marks as a percentage, and pick the board pass mark: 33% for the old scheme or 40% for the IBCC scheme that boards began using in 2026. 85% with a 33% pass gives 1.6. Remember that HSSC alone does not give direct entry to a German bachelor's.
Last reviewed 30 September 2026. Results are estimates; official notices always take precedence.