SGPA (semester grade point average) is your total quality points for one semester divided by the credit hours you took that semester. Each course's quality points are its grade point multiplied by its credit hours, so a 3.66 in a 3 credit hour course gives 10.98.
The calculator starts on the HEC grading scale. If your university uses its own table, choose it from the grading scale list: the same 69 marks can be a B- at 2.66 under HEC and a C+ at 2.50 at the University of Lahore. Open "Add previous semesters" to carry the result into your CGPA.
The SGPA formula
SGPA = sum of (grade point × credit hours) ÷ sum of credit hours for the semester
Three things decide the answer:
- The grading table. It turns marks into a letter and a grade point. HEC's examination policy gives each letter a range of points; the calculator uses the top of each range, as many universities do.
- Credit hours. A 4 credit hour course weighs a third more than a 3 credit hour one.
- Which courses count. A failed course usually stays in the semester with 0 points. Pass/fail and non-credit courses are left out. HEC's policy allows up to 9 credit hours of pass/fail courses at undergraduate level, and those do not enter the GPA.
Worked example on the HEC scale
Five courses, 16 credit hours, entered as marks:
| Course | Cr | Marks | Grade | Points | Quality points |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Course 1 | 3 | 82 | A- | 3.66 | 10.98 |
| Course 2 | 3 | 74 | B | 3.00 | 9.00 |
| Course 3 | 4 | 69 | B- | 2.66 | 10.64 |
| Course 4 | 3 | 88 | A | 4.00 | 12.00 |
| Course 5 | 3 | 71 | B | 3.00 | 9.00 |
| Total | 16 | 51.62 |
SGPA = 51.62 ÷ 16 = 3.23.
Pick another scale and the same marks move. On the University of the Punjab table the SGPA is 3.24, because PU gives A- 3.70 and B- 2.70. On the University of Lahore table it is 3.20, because 69 marks is a C+ at 2.50 there.
A failed course in the SGPA
Take three 3 credit hour courses with 45, 80 and 90 marks on the HEC scale. The 45 is an F with 0 points, but its 3 credit hours still count.
- Quality points: 0 + 10.98 + 12.00 = 22.98.
- Credit hours: 9.
- SGPA = 22.98 ÷ 9 = 2.55.
Without the failed course the other two would average 3.83. When you repeat the course, many universities count only the better grade in the CGPA, but the semester's own SGPA on the old result card does not change.
From SGPA to CGPA
CGPA is not the average of your SGPAs. Multiply each SGPA by that semester's credit hours, add the quality points, and divide by all credit hours. Here is a student with a light first semester and a heavy second one:
| Semester | SGPA | Credit hours | Quality points | Total QP | Total Cr | CGPA |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Semester 1 | 3.60 | 12 | 43.20 | 43.20 | 12 | 3.60 |
| Semester 2 | 2.60 | 20 | 52.00 | 95.20 | 32 | 2.98 |
| Semester 3 | 3.10 | 18 | 55.80 | 151.00 | 50 | 3.02 |
The plain average of 3.60, 2.60 and 3.10 is 3.10, but the real CGPA is 3.02. The 20 credit hour semester at 2.60 pulls harder than the 12 credit hour semester at 3.60. To add a new semester to an existing CGPA, use the CGPA calculator, or open "Add previous semesters" above and enter your current CGPA and credit hours.
SGPA, GPA and CGPA on a result card
- SGPA or GPA is for one semester. Result cards use either name; the maths is the same. Our GPA calculator gives the same figure on the HEC scale.
- CGPA covers every semester so far. Degree eligibility uses it: 2.00 for a bachelor's and 2.50 for MS or MPhil under HEC's examination policy.
- Percentage is a separate conversion. See CGPA to percentage for the HEC equivalence bands.
If your result card shows grade points, choose "Grade points" and type them in. That skips the marks table and matches the card exactly.
Questions people ask
How do I calculate SGPA?
Multiply each course's grade point by its credit hours to get quality points. Add the quality points for the semester and divide by the semester's total credit hours. For 51.62 quality points over 16 credit hours, SGPA is 3.23. Use your university's grading table for the grade points.
How do I calculate CGPA from SGPA?
Multiply each semester's SGPA by its credit hours, add the results, and divide by the total credit hours of all semesters. SGPAs of 3.60 on 12 credit hours, 2.60 on 20 and 3.10 on 18 give 151.00 ÷ 50 = 3.02. Averaging the three SGPAs would give 3.10, which is wrong.
Is SGPA the same as GPA?
Yes. Both mean the grade point average for one semester. Some Pakistani universities print SGPA on the result card and others print GPA. CGPA is the cumulative figure across all semesters.
Can I convert SGPA to a percentage?
Only through your university's rule or HEC's equivalence bands. HEC's table puts, for example, 3.01 to 3.33 in the B+ band, 75 to 79 percent. Multiplying by 25 is a common shortcut, not an HEC rule. Most employers and admissions ask for the CGPA rather than one semester's SGPA.
Why is my portal SGPA different?
Your university may use a different table from HEC, grade on a curve, or round marks before grading. Pick your university in the grading scale list, or enter the grade points printed on your result card, which gives the exact portal figure.
Last reviewed 30 September 2026. Results are estimates; official notices always take precedence.